托福阅读如何把握出题范围?
如今的托福阅读词汇等固然重要,但要知道托福阅读题材的积累以及托福阅读题型的掌握也是重中之重,这就要靠大家在复习的时候就着手准备了,下面就来看一看这方面的知识。
托福阅读如何把握出题范围?
1、托福阅读题材——增加背景知识
有部分学生反映做托福阅读时很难投入进去,有一点原因就是对于托福阅读文章所述内容太过陌生,如果你对其略知一二,相信定会有所不同。比如练习题中有篇文章讲到化学元素周期表,对于高中生来说再熟悉不过了,阅读的时候半读半猜,估计也可以理解的八九不离十了。
若考试准备时间充足,可以多加涉猎,扩充自己的知识背景;若时间紧张,则需搞定练习题套题。根据文章记忆单词,并不是文章中出现的每一个“陌生的面孔” 都要去熟悉,比如一些繁琐的专有名词跳过即可。主要记忆的当然是一些动词、名词及形容词,尤其是出现在句子主干中,与解题有关的词汇。
除了词汇,应学会分析题干及题目,比如题干中出现了effect,conclusion之类的词,其实已经界定了我们寻找的范围——段落靠后的部分,还有就是观点性和总结性的句子永远会是考察的重点所在。做题的时候学会分析原文和选项,进行对比,比如句子简化题,做一题需要看五个长句,似乎很花费时间,但并不需要每个句子都要细看,而是先明确原句的逻辑及主干,抓住选项中的关键点与原句进行比较。
例如:As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting, the Strait of Gibraltar, where the Mediterranean now connects to the Atlantic, opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean.A. The strait of Gibraltar reopened when the Mediterranean and the Atlantic became connected and the cascades of water from one sea to the other caused crustal adjustments and faulting.B. The Mediterranean was dramatically refilled by water from the Atlantic when crustal adjustments and faulting opened the Strait of Gibraltar, the place where the two seas are joined.C. The cascades of water from the Atlantic to the Mediterranean were not as spectacular as the crustal adjustments and faulting that occurred when the Strait of Gibraltar was connected to those seas.D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faultin;g and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Atlantic and Mediterranean were connected and became a single sea with spectacular cascades of water between them。
原句是因果逻辑的句子,先找出其因: crustal adjustments and faulting,果:the Strait opened, and water cascaded spectacularly back into the Mediterranean。接着来看选项:A…. caused crustal adjustments and faulting 显然是因果倒置了,毫不犹豫地灭掉;C. 因为此选项中出现比较not as spectacular as, 非常惹眼的一个核心词,而原文中是修饰动词的副词spectacularly,并未进行比较,二话不说也排除掉;D. As a result of crustal adjustments and faulting and the creation of the Strait of Gibraltar,… 这原因里怎么多出来一项啊,掳袖子撵人吧!
2、托福阅读题型——注重解题方法
托福阅读题型10种,除最后的小结题外大都属于考查文章细节的题目。根据题干中的关键词定位是至关重要的一步,然后就是理解。此时如果词汇量太小怎么办?事实上做阅读我们永远要牢记的就是找句子主干,考查的信息基本都在主干中体现了,
比如:The deer which once picturesquely dotted the meadows around the fort were gone [in 1832], hunted to extermination in order to protect the crops。
这个句子较长,其中有which引导的定语从句,还有hunted… 这个状语,而解题时我们只需要句子的主干The deer were gone。多数同学在做题时有个习惯就是看到一句话后就开始逐词阅读,甚至试图把它翻译成中文,这可谓“兵家大忌”。
遇到一句话先抓主干,遇到整段记得扫描段落有无显眼的连词,举例信号词等,浏览每段的主题句。
再说一下小结题,大多数考生的切肤之痛。一是做到最后一题时时间已所剩无几,二是最后一题是对全文的主要内容的总结,相对复杂。
一是做题之前可大概浏览文章的标题及每段首句。作为学术性的阅读文章,首句基本都是主题句。尤其是总分结构的文章,比如练习题6中的Infantile Amnesia, 虽然文章较难理解,但是文中明确提出了三种观点first,second,third… 那么此类文章小结题的选项太显而易见了。
再者,文章的每段会对应出2-3道题,那么题目中对应的部分基本都是段落的核心所在。从这两点就可以很快了解文章的主要内容。所以在进行练习题练习时,做题虽不可或缺,但还要注意多加练习快速阅读文章的能力。
通过上面对于托福阅读题型以及托福阅读题材的介绍相信大家一定都明白了如何进行复习了,这样在以后面对托福阅读考试的时候就能从容应对了。
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托福写作提分句式必备资料整理
托福写作提分必备资料整理,这些常见功能句式你会用吗?托福写作想要取得高分难度是比较高的,不仅因为作文本身不好写,更是由于作文评分标准较为主观考生很难把握。因此,能够在托福写作部分取得高分的考生大多拥有一些值得学习的经验心得。大家都知道作文一科无论中文还是英文,想要拿到满分难度是非常高的,因而托福作文30分里拿到了29分的考生也足以被称为高手,其写作经验自然很有参考价值。下面新航道小编会分享一位托福写作29分考生的写作经验,主要是写作句式方面的资料汇总。
托福写作29分高手作文句式分享
1. 强调重要性的句式
(1) The importance of ... can never be overestimated.
注释:这个句子可在全文的任何地方出现,可以用于表达观点:As far as I'm concerned, the importance of learning English can never be overestimated.也可以用于总结:Thus, the importance of cultivating a sense of independence can never be overestimated.
(2) ... has been playing an increasingly important role in ...
注释:这个句子可用于开头:Today, Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our society。也可以在段落首用于表达观点,不过我个人通常用于表达观点,因为开头我有固定模板。
(3) ... is a strong determinant of ...
注释:这个句子类似(1)句,也是可以在任何地方出现,比如whether a student has developed some skills is a strong determinant of whether he can get a good job.
托福写作提分句式必备资料整理
2. 权衡对比表达观点的句式
(1) when ..., we need to give full consideration to ...
注释:这句话很显然是用于表达观点的,我一般在第 一段的最后一句使用:when deciding on building a chemical plant, the government should give full consideration to the advantages and disadvantages it will bring to the community.
(2) ... is valued more than ...
注释:这句也是用来表达观点的,我一般用在第 一段:developing economy is valued more than protecting environment by some people。
(3) favor ... as opposed to ...
注释:相比之下更喜欢,也是用于表达观点:Many people favor protecting the environment as opposed to developing the economy alone.
3. 举例常用句式表达
有三种常用表达:
A perfect example can be found in ...
... serves as a perfect example
... has well illustrated this
例如:A perfect example can be found in Microsoft which insists on clean technology.
Microsoft, which insists on clean technology, serves as a perfect example.
Microsoft, which insists on clean technology, has well illustrated this.
举完例子觉得不够,就再加一个:
... is not alone in ...
比如:Microsoft is not alone in holding the idea。
然后就开始举另一个例子吧。
4. 描述结果的句式
(1) the attempt by ... to ... has been a tremendous success.
注释:这个句子也可以用于举例也可以用于总结:The attempt by the government to help gaint panda has been a tremendous success.
(2) a better understanding of ... will enable ...
注释:这个句子超有用,可以用于表达观点,可以用于总结,可以用于引出例子:A better underdtanding of ourselves will enable us to live better lives.
(3) an examination of ... will confirm such a fact that ...
注释:这个也超有用,我主要用来引出例证和表达观点: An examination of those students with excellent academic performance will confirm such a fact that diligence and efficient methods contribute a lot to their success.
(4) ... have generally come to recognize the wisdom of ...
注释:这个句子可放在开头:Most people now have generally come to recognize the wisdom of being able to speak English.
以上这些句式就是来自托福写作高分考生的资料整理,大家如果能够学会这些句式写法,想要写出高分作文也就指日可待了。
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