白云区暑假雅思培训
2019年4月25雅思大作文题目:名人支持国际救助组织是好还是坏？
Young people are leaving their homes from rural areas to study or work in the cities. What are the reasons? Do advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?
雅思学习素材图
解析&审题
本题重复2013年12月24日原题。
本题要求我们分析原因，并讨论利弊，是一个综合类的题目。要求讨论的话题是为什么很多年轻人会离开农村到城市去学习和工作，这种现象是好还是坏？
就原因而言，应该比较简单，那就是农村没有好的工作和学习机会，而这些机会在城市里更容易找到。至于这是好事还是坏事，可以一分为二地讨论。坏处包括城市会越来越拥挤，农村则会越来越萧条；农村人到城市不容易找到工作，从而可能引发很多社会问题。好处当然也有，比如给城市发展提供了人力资源等等。
以下是唐老师的高分范文，大家可认真阅读，看老师是如何把以上思路落实到具体文字表达的。
老师笔记
01
Nowadays a growing number of young people are leaving rural areas in order tobecome successful economically or academically in urban areas.
如今，越来越多的年轻人离开农村，以便在城市取得经济上或学业上的成功。
解析
（1） 本段开门见山，引出下文即将讨论的现象。
（2） A growing number of young people 越来越多的年轻人
（3） ...to become successful economically or academically ......取得经济上或学业上的成功（这是对题目原文 “to study or work”进行的改写）
02
It is a well-known fact that rural areas lack economic and academic opportunities compared with urban areas. Usually, a variety of serious issues confront young people in villages such as the high unemployment rate and low educational level. So, it is only logical that young people are being pushed away from rural areas and being pulled to urban areas in search of better-paid jobs or better-managed schools. In this push-and-pull situation, many families might encourage their young relatives to move to cities for work or study because there are not many economic or academic opportunities available in the rural areas.
与城市地区相比，农村地区缺乏经济和求学机会，这是众所周知的事实。通常，农村的年轻人面临着各种各样的严重问题，比如就业率低，教育水平低。因此，年轻人被推着离开农村，并被吸引到城市去寻找薪水更高的工作或经营更好的学校，这是合乎逻辑的。在这种“推动-吸引”的情形中，许多家庭可能会鼓励其年轻亲友搬到城市工作或学习，因为在乡村找不到太多的经济或求学机会。
解析
（1） 本段讨论为什么乡村年轻人会去城市发展。首先是乡村缺少机会，然后是这些年轻人也会得到鼓励去城市工作或求学。
（2） A variety of 各种各样的
（3） Confront 面临
（4） In search of 寻找
（5） Available 可以获得的；可以使用的
03
This one-way traffic of human resources may have crucial effects on both rural and urban areas. To begin with, it may result in the imbalance of population between the already intensely populated urban areas and the rural areas that young people leave behind. While the cities get increasingly over-crowded, villages will suffer from the shortage of manpower. Another possible downside of this rural-urban mobility is that, without proper training, the young rural people moving into cities may not be able to find a job, which, then, will bring about a series of social problems. It is self-evident that, however, the migration of young people from the countryside to cities will provide sufficient human resources necessary for the urban development.
这种单向的人力资源流动可能会对农村和城市地区产生至关重要的影响。首先，它可能会导致在已经人口密集的城市和年轻人留在身后的乡村地区之间的人口不平衡。当城市变得越来越拥挤时，村庄却将受到劳动力短缺的影响。这种从农村到城市的移动还有一个缺点：如果没有适当的培训，移居城市的农村青年可能找不到工作，这将带来一系列社会问题。然而，不言而喻，青年人从农村迁移到城市将为城市发展提供足够的人力资源。
解析
（1） 本段论述乡村年轻人进入城市的好处和坏处：好处包括为城市发展提供劳动力；坏处包括人口拥挤和相关社会问题。
（2） One-way traffic 单项流动
（3） Crucial effect 关键影响
（4） Result in 导致
（5） Leave behind 留在身后；抛开
（6） Shortage 短缺
（7） Downside 不利之处
（8） Self-evident 明显的
（9） Migration 迁移（本文替换使用了几个单词表达同样意思：mobility; movement; traffic, exodus)
04
To sum up, looking for greater academic and professional opportunities is the major cause of the rural exodus. Whether this will lead to positive or negative effects, we still have to wait and see.
总之，寻找更多的学习和职业机会是农村人口外流的主要原因。这会带来正面或负面的影响，我们仍需拭目以待。
解析
（1） 总结已经论述的原因以及可能带来的影响，但对其最终的影响表示还说不准。
（2） Exodus （大规模）出走；离开
（3） Lead to 导致
（4） Wait and see 拭目以待
7分范文
Nowadays a growing number of young people are leaving rural areas in order to become successful economically or academically in urban areas.
It is a well-known fact that rural areas lack economic and academic opportunities compared with urban areas. Usually, a variety of serious issues confront young people in villages such as the high unemployment rate and low educational level. So, it is only logical that young people are being pushed away from rural areas and being pulled to urban areas in search of better-paid jobs or better-managed schools. In this push-and-pull situation, many families might encourage their young relatives to move to cities for work or study because there are not many economic or academic opportunities available in the rural areas.
This one-way traffic of human resources may have crucial effects on both rural and urban areas. To begin with, it may result in the imbalance of population between the already intensely populated urban areas and the rural areas that young people leave behind. While the cities get increasingly over-crowded, villages will suffer from the shortage of manpower. Another possible downside of this rural-urban mobility is that, without proper training, the young rural people moving into cities may not be able to find a job, which, then, will bring about a series of social problems. It is self-evident that, however, the migration of young people from the countryside to cities will provide sufficient human resources necessary for the urban development.
To sum up, looking for greater academic and professional opportunities is the major cause of the rural exodus. Whether this will lead to positive or negative effects, we still have to wait and see.
(275 words)
建议背诵的句子
1. So, it is only logical that young people are being pushed away from rural areas and being pulled to urban areas in search of better-paid jobs or better-managed schools.
因此，年轻人被推着离开农村，并被吸引到城市去寻找薪水更高的工作或经营更好的学校，这是合乎逻辑的。
2. To begin with, it may result in the imbalance of population between the already intensely populated urban areas and the rural areas that young people leave behind.
首先，它可能会导致在已经人口密集的城市和年轻人留在身后的乡村地区之间的人口不平衡。
3. Another possible downside of this rural-urban mobility is that, without proper training, the young rural people moving into cities may not be able to find a job, which, then, will bring about a series of social problems.
这种从农村到城市的移动还有一个缺点：如果没有适当的培训，移居城市的农村青年可能找不到工作，这将带来一系列社会问题。
4. To sum up, looking for greater academic and professional opportunities is the major cause of the rural exodus.
总之，寻找更多的学习和职业机会是农村人口外流的主要原因。
白云区暑假雅思培训
对雅思阅读有所了解的同学们应该知道，无论何种题型，阅读考察的核心之一就是替换。一提及替换，同学们会马上想到近义或同义替换，如encourage和motivate，work together和cooperation（C14 T1 P3, Question 30)；词性替换，如satisfied和satisfaction（C14 T1 P3, Question 33)；解释或描述型替换，如preferential treatment和favoring one group over another (C14 T3 P1, Question 8), 上下义替换, 如air pollution 和carbon dioxide（C9 T3 P2, 多选题）。
上述这些类型的替换，如果能准确辨识单词含义，替换基本能顺利完成。但除此之外，有些题目，尤其是较难的判断和匹配题型，替换较为隐晦，难以辨识，一来导致定位困难，速度变慢，二来在匹配或判断时造成很大的干扰，造成错判错选。
雅思阅读
因此，希望借由剑桥真题中下列几道同学们易错的替换示例，引起大家对与各种‘拐弯抹角’替换的重视，从而能在备考时，有意识地积累和总结替换规律，加深对替换的认知和敏感度，高效解题。
首先先看到两道判断题。C11 T1 P1的判断题Question 9，题目是Human beings are responsible for some of the destruction to food-producing land. 通过对the destruction to food-producing land进行替换，我们能定位到原文段的At present, throughout the world, over 80% of the land that is suitable for raising crops is in use. Historically, some 15% of that has been laid waste by poor management practices [destruction (破坏) - laid waste (荒废) ; food-producing (出产食物) - raising crops (种植和生长农作物)]。很多同学们在判断过程中，即使能准确将human beings和poor management practices翻译成对应的中文 (人类和糟糕的管理措施)，却感觉两组词关系模糊，有些联系但又不完全一致，很难判断。
根据柯林斯字典对于practice的英文释义something that people do regularly（人们定期采取的措施），可以得出poor management practices含义为人们定期采取但不合理的管理使用行为，和题目中所说的由于人类，观点是一致的，所以这道题判断结果为TRUE。
C11 T1 P1的判断题Question 10，题目是The crops produced in vertical farms will depend on the season. 题中的定位词有crops，vertical farms和crops，但这道题定位会比较难，因为原文从第二段开始都有提到vertical farms，crops和food crops也多次出现，由于season这个词一直没有出现，大部分同学会直接给出判断结果为NOT GIVEN。其实定位在第二段的If successfully implemented, proponents claim, vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops)，因为这句话中首先production of all crops 和题目中的The crops produced替换，更重要的是year-round这个词，是与 depend on the season的反义替换。
year-round在柯林斯字典中的解释为year-round is used to describe something that happens, exists, or is done throughout the year (一整年都存在/发生). 换句话说，原文说农作物可以全年生产，也就是每个季节都能生产，不受季节的影响，所以和题目中生产依赖于季节的信息矛盾，答案为FALSE。
段落信息匹配题中，‘拐弯抹角’的替换也是屡见不鲜。C14 T1 P2的Question 17，题目是an explanation of the potential savings a bike-sharing scheme would bring. 由文章标题‘The growth of bike-sharing schemes around the world’可以看出，整篇文章围绕bike-sharing schemes在进行论述，所以该题中的定位词只有potential savings，意为‘a certain amount of money that you probably do not need to spend’ (可能会省下一笔开销)。
这道题在原文的定位处在C段的‘I made serious calculations. It turned out that a white bicycle- per person, per kilometre - would cost the municipality only 10% of what it contributed to public transport per person per kilometre.’ (我做过精密的计算。市单位对白色单车每人每公里的资金投入，只占其对公共交通每人每公里投入的10%)。原文并没有直接把potential savings进行同义或近义替换，比如写成it would save a certain amount of money, 而是暗示出相比于原本投入在公共交通的资金，投入在共享单车的资金只占了10%，要少得多，也就是可以省下一笔支出，即为potential savings。
综上，替换在雅思阅读中是一门很深且至关重要的学问，想快速识别替换，提高替换敏感度，需要长时间的积累，内化和巩固，量变才能引起质变。各位同学们在刷剑桥真题时，不仅是做完题核对答案后就把真题甩到一边，更重要的是充分利用成就真题去深入思考和琢磨替换。
务必认真对待题干、选项和原文定位处的单词和短语，对于词义模糊，或语境用法不确定的单词，要勤查字典，有意识地关注它们的英文释义和成就例句，熟悉其适用语境，建立起核心单词和短语的‘画面感’，从而有效地帮助同学们在扩展词汇量的同时培养替换意识。如此全方位地夯实语言基础，不仅能提高阅读定位速度和正确率，同时也能帮助听力口语写作稳步提升。
希望以上内容能对大家有所帮助，更多关于雅思考试的资讯与详情，可关注广州新航道雅思频道，或咨询广州新航道在线老师。
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
