对于很多烤鸭来说,雅思阅读判断题始终是最痛苦的“折磨”，甚至很多高分选手都有可能最后败在判断题手下。很多同学对于判断题做法反应往往是跟着感觉走，或者过度依赖一些套路解题，其中的问题之一在于，很多考生容易有一种思维定式：只要题目中定位词在文章中没有出现那么就一定是Not Given。

接下来我们重点来探讨一下判断题“因果关系”考点中那些让你百思不得其解的考题。

雅思阅读

01

题出自剑桥雅思七Test 3 Passage 3 的28题：

Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Community.(北欧国家的问题被排除在外是因为他们不属于欧共体)。

可以通过Nordic countries等定位到段倒数第二句：

Those confined to particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discarded.

大部分考生都可能单纯根据the European Economic Community在文中段未出现而误选了Not Given。但本题真正的“题眼”在于因果关系，therefore（因此）真正的原因出现在该句的前一句，即“Their initial task was to decide…” 所以Nordic countries被忽视的原因是会议要决定哪些欧洲相关的森林问题涉及的国家最多并可能成为共同行动的主题，这与题干中的原因相矛盾，所以为False。

本题文章与题目中皆有因果关系存在（therefore与because），但原因不是没有出现而是发生了整体错误的情况，所以即使文章中没有出现European Economic Community，也是False。

02

那么，究竟什么情况下才是真的NG呢？

我们来看下一个例题——剑桥雅思五 Test 3 Passage 2的Disappearing Delta，本篇第22题：

Sediment in the irrigation canals on the Nile delta causes flooding. (尼罗河三角洲灌溉水道中的沉积物引发了洪水)。

通过定位词sediment / the irrigation canals / flooding可以快速定位到D段，本段的前半部分介绍到了有关irrigation canals的内容，包括长度（more than 10,000 kilometers）、不能携带沉积物(cannot carry sediment)等，但并没有出现有关沉积物与洪水的因果关系，我们并不知道这些沉积物是否会造成洪水，所以此题选Not Given。题目中的因果关系在文章中并没有任何说明，那么未提及的情况则为Not Given。

以上是对于常见因果考点的基础分析，虽然出题比例不是，但重在提示我们千万不要找不到相关定位词就立刻选Not Given，或者随意乱猜。

跟着感觉走确实够潇洒，但是雅思不要你觉得，判断只要因果考点觉得，你们不要闹啦，就这样，都挺考点的！

想要知道更多的内容更多关于雅思考试的资讯与详情，可关注广州新航道雅思频道，或咨询广州新航道在线老师。

2018年01月20日雅思大作文题目

Today advertising can be seen everywhere in daily life. It has influenced what people think is important and sometimes has negative effects on people’s life. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

这次雅思大作文考试是关于广告和我们思维方式之间的关系，这道题是2013年5月16日的原题重现。



广告话题，大家可以参考下面的观点：

Ø 广告可传递信息（informative)

Ø 广告鼓励人们消费，有利于社会经济发展 （advertising can boost economy by encouraging consumption)

Ø 而且设计美观，可以给我们的生活增添亮色，具有美学效果（well-designed advertisements have aesthetic values, making the world more beautiful)

Ø 广告往往夸大其辞（exaggerating），误导性强（misleading），从而让消费者上当受骗。

Ø 广告往往通过各种方式制造消费欲望，让消费者花钱购买很多不必要的商品（buy things they do not really need），从而引发一系列社会问题(social problems)。

Ø 广告往往显示社会差异，容易让人失去心理平衡。



本次考试要求大家讨论广告如何影响我们对“生活中什么是重要的”这一问题的思考，同时讨论这如何对我们的生活产生消极影响。因此，本题一定要切入讨论“生活中什么是重要的”，广告如何影响我们对这个问题的思考并由此给我们的生活带来什么样的负面作用。



可能很多同学没有认真阅读题目的前面部分，只将重点放在后半部分，只讨论广告的消极影响而不联系“生活中什么是重要的”，这样就很容易偏题。



那么，广告如何影响我们对“生活中什么是重要的”（what we think is important）这个问题的思考呢？我们知道广告在给我们提供商品信息的同时，也在无形中制造了我们的欲望，让我们养成消费的习惯，认为不停消费就是生活，但事实上，过分的消费主义让我们产生无休止的渴望，从而对自己的生活现状不满足，产生不幸福的感觉，同时还可能让我们为了满足物质需要而犯罪。因此，广告的确是必要的，但作为消费者，我们应与广告保持一定距离，避免被被广告洗脑而进行非理性消费。



1月20日雅思大作文范文解析：

Nowadays we cannot go anywhere without seeing advertisements of one kind or another. The penetration of advertising into our life has gone so far that sometimes we even feel amazed by its ubiquity. Advertising is, of course, very useful, informing us about what to buy, where to buy and how to buy, but it also has negative effects, especially by transforming what we regard as important in our life.



如今，我们到处都能看到这样或那样的广告。广告已经渗透到我们的生活中去了，有时我们甚至对它的无处不在感到惊讶。广告当然是非常有用的，它告诉我们该买什么，在哪里买，怎样买，但它也有负面影响，尤其是通过改变我们认为在生活中重要的东西。



解析：

（1）本段为开头段，通过论说广告的普遍性和无处不在来引入话题，然后提出广告的有用之处，并过渡到广告可能通过改变我们的思维方式来产生消极影响。

（2）penetration 渗透

（3）ubiquity 无处不在(n.)

（4）transform 改变



Surrounded by advertisements, we can easily be led to a belief that our life is all about buying things. This widespread consumerism can persuade us into buying many things we do not really need on the one hand, and make us less content withwhat we have on the other, and crave hopelessly for those unattainablecommodities. I still remember a few days ago when walking in front of a supermarket, I saw how a little girl, with her eyes glued to an advertising board,pestered her mother for the expensive toy on it that her mother apparently could not afford. Advertising, then, while providing us with useful commodities information, also creates the unwanted desire at our heart and makes us unhappy.



被广告所包围的我们，很容易就相信我们的生活就是买东西。这种广泛的消费主义一方面可以说服我们购买许多我们并不真正需要的东西，另一方面也让我们对自己拥有的东西不那么满意，而对那些无法得到的商品孜孜以求。我还记得几天前，当我走过超市门口，看到一个小女孩，眼睛盯着广告牌，缠着她妈妈买显然买不起的昂贵玩具。因此，广告在为我们提供有用的商品信息时，也在我们的心中制造了不必要的欲望，使我们不快乐。



解析：

（1）本段论述广告可能引起的消极后果之一：让我们深陷消费主义而不快乐。

（2）consumerism 消费主义

（3）persuade someone into... 劝某人做......

（4）be content with... 对......满意

（5）crave for... 渴望......

（6）unattainable 无法获得的

（7）glue to... 粘在......上

（8）pester for 缠着要......

（9）apparently 明显的(=obviously)



Meanwhile, lured by the promises of advertising, some people may choose to commit crimes, which then causes a lot of social problems. A student, for instance, may rob his classmate of an iPhone 8, for he has been told by advertising that iPhone 8 is superior to its previous versions. Likewise, an official may take bribery to buy an expensive house by the lake because the advertising says the luxury of living there is superb.



同时，在广告承诺的诱惑下，有些人可能会选择犯罪，这就造成了很多社会问题。例如，一个学生可能会抢劫他的同学的iPhone 8，因为他从广告中得知，iPhone 8比以前的版本优越。同样地，一位官员可能会接受贿赂，在湖边买一套昂贵的房子，因为广告上写着住在那里可以尽享奢华。



解析：

（1）本段写广告可能给我们造成的更严重的影响：让我们犯罪。

（2）lure 诱惑

（3）be superior to... 比......更好

（4）luxury 奢华

（5）superb 绝妙的；的





Seen in this light, advertising can affect our way of thinking about life and we, therefore, should be cautious about its negative influences while enjoying the benefits it brings us.



从这个角度看，广告会影响我们对生活的思考方式，因此，我们在享受广告给我们带来的好处的同时，也应该谨慎对待它的负面影响。



解析：

（1）结尾段，总结前文观点。

（2）seen in this light 从这个角度看

（3）cautious 谨慎小心的



2018年1月20日雅思大作文范文：

Nowadays we cannot go anywhere without seeing advertisements of one kind or another. The penetration of advertising into our life has gone so far that sometimes we even feel amazed by its ubiquity. Advertising is, of course, very useful, informing us about what to buy, where to buy and how to buy, but it also has negative effects, especially by transforming what we regard as important in our life.



Surrounded by advertisements, we can easily be led to a belief that our life is all about buying things. This widespread consumerism can persuade us into buying many things we do not really need on the one hand, and make us less content with what we have on the other, and crave hopelessly for those unattainable commodities. I still remember a few days ago when walking in front of a supermarket, I saw how a little girl, with her eyes glued to an advertising board, pestered her mother for the expensive toy on it that her mother apparently could not afford. Advertising, then, while providing us with useful commodities information, also creates the unwanted desire at our heart and makes us unhappy.



Meanwhile, lured by the promises of advertising, some people may choose to commit crimes, which then causes a lot of social problems. A student, for instance, may rob his classmate of an iPhone 8, for he has been told by advertising that iPhone 8 is superior to its previous versions. Likewise, an official may take bribery to buy an expensive house by the lake because the advertising says the luxury of living there is superb.



Seen in this light, advertising can affect our way of thinking about life and we, therefore, should be cautious about its negative influences while enjoying the benefits it brings us.