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2019年11月16日雅思大作文题目对孩子的成长，家庭内外的影响哪个更大？The family has a great influence on children’s development, but the influence from outside of the home plays a bigger part in children’s life. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
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解析&审题
本题与2013年6月15日的雅思考题是部分重合的，2013年6月15日要求比较家庭和媒体对孩子成长的影响，而本次没有限定为媒体，而是更为广泛，要求比较家庭内和家庭外对孩子成长的影响。
本文审题的核心是要比较家庭内和家庭外对孩子成长的影响。题目中明确提出的观点之一是“家庭外的影响更大”（bigger），而不是简单的“有人认为家庭对孩子成长有影响，其他人认为家庭外对孩子成长也有影响”。考生必须对这个“bigger”作出回应。我们无非可以采取如下几种回应策略：
1. 同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，但家庭外对孩子成长影响更大。
2. 不同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，但不能说家庭外的影响更大。
3. 辩证同意题目观点：家庭内外对孩子成长都产生影响，在某些问题上家庭内的影响大，但在另外一些问题上家庭外的影响更大。
本文采取第三种写作策略，认为在培养孩子积极情感方面，家庭内作用更大，但在培养孩子学习和社会交往能力方面，家庭外的作用更大。
以下请看唐老师的高分范文。
老师笔记
The emotional and social development of young children has a direct effect on their future overall development. At different stages in their life, children's development is under the influence of the family members at home as well as teachers, friends, and other factors outside of the home.
小孩子的情感和与人交往的发展直接影响着他们未来的全面发展。在生命的不同阶段，孩子的发展受到家庭成员以及家庭以外的老师、朋友等因素影响。
解析
（1） 本段引出话题并提出观点：不同阶段，孩子都受到来自家庭和家庭之外的影响。
（2） Overall 整体的
（3） Outside of the home 家庭之外
Family certainly plays a crucial role in children’s development, as family members are the first people that young children have regular contact with. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development. Moreover, we will know how important a loving, nurturing home is to children by noting that many young law-breakers are from broken families. An emotionally deficient child may easily be led astray and get involved in antisocial crimes. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live in undesired seclusion.
无疑，家庭在孩子的发展中起着至关重要的作用，因为家庭成员是孩子经常接触的批人。确保年幼的孩子满足基本需要可以帮助他们建立安全的情感关系，这是他们情感发展的基石。此外，如果注意到许多年轻的违法者都来自破碎的家庭，我们就会知道，一个充满爱心、有教养的家对孩子们来说是多么重要。有情绪缺陷的孩子很容易被引入歧途，陷入反社会罪行。同时，他/她也会发现与他人建立健康的情感关系很困难，因此不得不生活在难受的孤独中。
解析
（1） 本段讨论家庭对小孩发展情感能力的作用。本段先从正面论述，然后从反面论述。
（2） Crucial 关键的
（3） Ensure 确保
（4） Cornerstone 基石；基础
（5） Law-breaker 违法者
（6） Deficient 有缺陷的
（7） To be led astray 被引入歧途
（8） To get involved in... 陷入......
（9） Live in seclusion 生活在孤独中
As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life. As this is a time for children’s social and intellectual development, these factors become even more important than home. Children rely on their teachers in school for academic progress, their peer classmates for developing social and leadership skills, and various media for forming their world outlook. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents.
随着孩子年龄的增长，家庭以外的因素，如老师、电视、朋友等等，就会起作用并影响他们的生活。因为这时孩子们处于社会交往和智力发展期间，这些因素甚至比家更重要。孩子们依靠学校的老师来取得学业进步，依靠他们的同学来培养社交和领导技能，依靠各种媒体来形成世界观。的确，可以合理地说，随着孩子的成长，他们越来越远离父母的影响。
解析
（1） 本段讨论随着孩子年龄增大，家庭外的影响越来越重要。本段采用列举论证方法。
（2） To name only a few ......等等
（3） Intellectual 智力的
（4） Peer classmate 同龄的同学
（5） World outlook 世界观
To conclude, both parents at home and friends, teachers, and media outside play an important role in children’s development. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way to maturity.
总之，家庭内父母与家庭外朋友、老师以及媒体对孩子的发展都起着重要的作用。当孩子年幼时，家庭对他们的情感发展的影响，而在他们走向成熟的过程中，家庭以外的因素对儿童的智力和社会发展起着更大的作用。
解析
（1） 本段总结，并提出自己的观点。
（2） Maturity 成熟
7分范文
The emotional and social development of young children has a direct effect on their future overall development. At different stages in their life, children's development is under the influence of the family members at home as well as teachers, friends, and other factors outside of the home.
Family certainly plays a crucial role in children’s development, as family members are the first people that young children have regular contact with. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development. Moreover, we will know how important a loving, nurturing home is to children by noting that many young law-breakers are from broken families. An emotionally deficient child may easily be led astray and get involved in antisocial crimes. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live in undesired seclusion.
As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life. As this is a time for children’s social and intellectual development, these factors become even more important than home. Children rely on their teachers in school for academic progress, their peer classmates for developing social and leadership skills, and various media for forming their world outlook. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents.
To conclude, both parents at home and friends, teachers, and media outside play an important role in children’s development. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way to maturity.
(317 words)
建议背诵的句子
1. Ensuring that children in the early years have their basic needs met can help them establish secure attachments, which is the cornerstone of their emotional development.
确保年幼的孩子满足基本需要可以帮助他们建立安全的情感关系，这是他们情感发展的基石。
2. At the same time, he/she will also find it hard to build healthy emotional relationship with others and therefore have to live in undesired seclusion.
同时，他/她也会发现与他人建立健康的情感关系很困难，因此不得不生活在难受的孤独中。
3. As children grow older, factors outside of home such as teachers, TV, friends, to name only a few, come into play and influence their life.
随着孩子年龄的增长，家庭以外的因素，如老师、电视、朋友等等，就会起作用并影响他们的生活。
4. It is, indeed, reasonable to say that as they grow up, children are moving further and further away from the influence of their parents.
的确，可以合理地说，随着孩子的成长，他们越来越远离父母的影响。
5. The family has the greatest influence on children’s emotional development when they are young, and factors outside of home play a greater role in children’s intellectual and social development on their way to maturity.
当孩子年幼时，家庭对他们的情感发展的影响，而在他们走向成熟的过程中，家庭以外的因素对儿童的智力和社会发展起着更大的作用。
我们都知道从句不能单独成句，都是由一些关联词引导，根据从句语法功能的不同又分为许多种。一些高分的雅思作文中，我们都会发现里面运用了许多的从句。下边给大家主要介绍下状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句三类。
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状语从句
状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子，从句充当状语的功能。
原因状语：because, since, as
时间状语：when, after, before
让步状语：although, even if, even though
条件状语：if, when, once, as long as
连词+从句
While 的两种用法：
1 对比
While the birth rate rose, the death rate dropped.
2 表示同时进行的两个事情
While I was out for a business trip, they finished this project.
名词性从句
名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
种：以“that”引导的名词性从句必定有个独立的句子
The population is growing older. (人口增加变老)
I believe that the population is growing older. (宾语从句)
the population is growing older. (主语从句) It is believed that
that the population is growing older. (表语从句) The fact is
that the population is growing older. The demand for health care is increasing, due to the fact
(同位语从句)
第二种：以“wh”引导的名词性从句(what, why, how, when, where 等)
定语从句
定语从句是从句充当定语的功能，类似于形容词。因此很多人叫定语从句叫形容词从句。
种：以关系代词 who, that, whom, which 引导
第二种：以关系副词 why, where, when 引导
常见错误1：where, why和 when引导的定语从句，句子必须是完整独立的句子。
There are many foreign universities where provide good courses for international
students.
错误的原因：where引导的定语从句后面缺主语。
正确的句子：There are many foreign universities which provide good courses for
international students.
常见错误2：定语从句修饰的名词如果是人，用 who或者 that，如果是物体，用
which或者that引导
People which break laws will go to prison.
错误的原因：定语从句先行词是人的时候，不可以用 which，要用 who
正确的句子：People who break laws will go to prison.
常见错误3：定语从句的谓语要完整(譬如说被动语态要出现 be 动词)
There was an increase in the percentage of people who employed by large
companies.
错误的原因：People who were employed 定语从句的谓语动词不完整
正确的句子：There was an increase in the percentage of people who were
employed by large companies.
常见错误3：定语从句的先行词放在从句可以还原成完整的句子。
By taking on part-time jobs, universities students can learn skills which cannot
get at university.
错误的原因：先行词“skills”充当从句“get”的宾语，那么从句缺乏一个主语。
正确的句子：By taking on part-time jobs, universities students can learn skills
which they cannot get at university.
常见错误4：非限制性定语从句，如果修饰的是名词，那么和这个名词保持主谓一
致
例子：Innovations play an important role in many industries, such as
music, which holds the key to social progress.
错误的原因：定语从句修饰的名词是 Industries， 是个复数
正确的句子：Innovations play an important role in many industries, such
as music, which hold the key to social progress.
常见错误5：非限制性定语从句，如果是修饰一个句子，从句的谓语永远用单数，
改 affects
例子：Buying luxuries can cost a lot of money, which affect their living standards.
错误的原因：定语从句修饰的是前面整个句子，因此应该动词用单数
正确的句子：Buying luxuries can cost a lot of money, which affects their living
standards.
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