托福阅读句子插入题找不准放入位置?
托福阅读插入题是公认比较有难度的阅读题型之一,得分率一直都是比较低的。想要做好这类题目,考生需要了解其考点和解题思路,下面小编就来具体分析应对这类难点题型提升正确率的方法技巧。
托福阅读句子插入题找不准放入位置?
托福阅读插入题到底考什么?
做题之前,我们先一起了解下,托福阅读题的出题意图是什么:
1、考查是否理解文章内部逻辑关系。
一般考查段落内部-句子之间的逻辑关系,有时也会考查段落之间的逻辑关系。
2、考查是否知道段落间重要的指示词和连词的作用。
只有了解起着文章衔接作用的连词的用法,才能紧随文章逻辑。
托福阅读插入题解题思路实操演练
例:
Look at the four squares ■that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
In either case, the heated water will usually be under considerable pressure, and so may have a temperature that is well above its sea-level boiling point of 100 centigrade.
Earth's internal heat, fueled by radioactivity, provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift, mountain building, and earthquakes. It can also be harnessed to drive electric generators and heat homes. Geothermal energy becomes available in a practical form when underground heat is transferred by water that is heated as it passes through a subsurface region of hot rocks (a heat reservoir) that may be hundreds or thousands of feet deep. ■【A】The water is usually naturally occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. ■【B】The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.■【C】?By far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relatively low temperatures of 80° to 180° centigrade. ■【D】Water circulated through heat reservoirs in this temperature range is able to extract enough heat to warm residential, commercial, and industrial spaces.More than 20,000 apartments in France are now heated by warm underground water drawn from a heat reservoir in a geologic structure near Paris called the Paris Basin. Iceland sits on a volcanic structure known as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is entirely heated by geothermal energy derived from volcanic heat.
(官方真题Official-21: Geothermal Energy)
做句子插入题主要依赖的是语言线索,所以
第 一步:仔细阅读待插入的句子,弄清含义,找出其中包含的衔接手段,预测可能存在的语境。也就是:In either case, the heated water will usually be under considerable pressure, and so may have a temperature that is well above its sea-level boiling point of 100 centigrade.
句子中出现“either case”, either表示两者中“或者,任一”,意味着原文必提及两种“case”;
第二步:读原文,找线索
■ The water is usually occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. ■ The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.■ By far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relative low temperature of 80 to 180℃entigrade.■
我们发现原文首句提及“The water is usually occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock;”一种情况外,还提到了“less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface”这种情况,满足了“两种case”的猜测。
于是,我们把待插入句放到第二个小黑框前,检查一遍,逻辑通顺。
这道题中我们的解题突破口是一个叫“either”的词,除它以外,还有哪些词可能有逻辑衔接担当呢?
常见衔接手段:
1.语法衔接手段
语法衔接手段主要指代词,包括指示代词和人称代词。
指示代词:this, these, it, such, another, that, these, those
b. 人称代词:he, she, one, they, his, her, one’s, their
c. 定冠词:the
d. such, either, same等
说明插入句的内容上文有提到。
2. 逻辑衔接手段:
a. 因果: because, therefore, thus, consequently, so, as a result
b. 对比: however, on the contrary, nevertheless, unlike, in contrast, while, although, but
c. 递进: furthermore, also, as well, too, other, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally
以上就是小编为大家带来的如何解答托福阅读插入题的实例讲解,希望大家能够尽早学会方法顺利解题。
盘点托福阅读提分必练3大能力
托福阅读备考的一个重要目标就是打磨各项和阅读相关的应试能力,而这些能力的高低也最终会影响到大家的考试表现和得分。那么对托福阅读而言,哪些能力会更有价值呢?下面小编会具体介绍。
盘点托福阅读提分必练3大能力
托福阅读备考高分必备:研读整理能力
1.训练阅读除了需要培养理解文章含义和增强查找信息的能力外,还应适当注意所读材料的组织结构及写作手法,例如:该文章的组织方式可能是比较对照、分类、因果等,某个例子在阐述过程中有何作用。这有助于理解把握文章内涵和归纳概括内容提要。
2.练习概括提要,区分主要与次要内容。对于描述过程的文章,可练习按顺序总结步骤,写出提要。若文章涉及信息分类,可尝试制作图表并将相关内容分类排列。虽然新托福考试并不要求自己设计分类图表,但这项练习有助于加强信息整理的意识,可以帮助大家更快适应此类题型。
3.根据提要或图表对阅读内容进行口头或书面的总结概述,以配合口语和写作部分综合型考题的需要。
4.选取句子或段落练习释义解述(paraphrase)。一方面,阅读测试包含考查对解述语句的辨识能力;此外,在口语和写作部分的综合型考题中也需要运用此项技能,可以同时提升。
托福阅读备考高分必备:信息定位能力
练习快速扫描,在文章或段落中定位并查找重要的事实和信息,包括主题信息、概念名称、日期、地点和数字等。经常反复地练习,可以提高阅读的速度和流利程度。
托福阅读备考高分必备:速读理解能力
1.在掌握语法知识(如:语句结构、代词等)以后,应采用各种手段,努力扩大词汇量,扫除阅读中存在的生字障碍。
2. 练习速读,训练通过快速浏览而非逐句细读发现文章主旨的能力。托福阅读考试的选材,从文体角度看,大多是说明体和议论体的正式书面语文章。其语篇模式一般为导言、主题、支撑、结论四部分,并且每一段落的开头常可发现主题句。
根据英语语篇的上述特点,阅读时注意文章的首尾段落以及每一段落的开始一、二句话,常有助于迅速发现所读内容的主旨。同时,注意语篇中一些具有语义提示作用的信息词和短语,对于重要信息的快速查找和定位也是有帮助的。
3.还可以根据托福考试的题型有针对性地进行一些练习,包括文章中出现的代词(he, they, that, these, it, one, others等),找出它们所指代的名词;根据文章提供的信息,练习推理、预测和归纳结论的能力;选择阅读中遇到的生字,根据前后语句所提供的上下文线索猜测字义,例如:
· Everyone faces times when one goal or another has to come first; decidingwhich goals are most important is setting priorities.(根据语句结构,划线单字的意义由is提示是指the most important goals)
· A skyscraper, or building more than twenty stories high, is built on a foundation of concrete supported by piles driven into the ground.(句中or在这里表示“或者说”,提示划线单字的意义为building more than twenty stories high)
· Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy, unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new friends. (从Unlike所表示的对照关系,可以确定划线单字的意义正是shy, unsociable的反面,即sociable, friendly)
· In spite of the fact that the beautiful egret is in danger of dying out completely, many clothing manufacturers still offer handsome prices for their long, elegant tail feathers, which are used as decorations on ladies’ hats.(从全句的意思,特别是描述其特征的feathers等词,可判断划线单字是指a type of bird)
以上就是托福阅读备考高分必须具备的3大能力介绍,大家如果想要提升阅读得分,那就先从锻炼这些能力开始吧。
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